Clinical efficacy of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 loaded acellular dermal matrix for horizontal ridge augmentation
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Published on: August 13, 2019
1Jang Ho Son Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea. 877 Bangeojinsunwhandoro, Dong-gu, Ulsan 44033, Republic of Korea ribosome@hanmail.net.
Background:
Implant placement often presents challenges owing to presence of inadequate horizontal bone volume, particularly in cases with periodontitis, trauma, pathology, or long-term tooth loss. Horizontal ridge augmentation (HRA) is essential for proper implant positioning and long-term success. This study evaluated clinical and radiographic outcomes of HRA using acellular dermal matrix (ADM) loaded with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) during dental implant placement.
Materials And Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent HRA with rhBMP-2-soaked ADM during implant surgery. Outcomes included cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)-based bone formation at 5 months, peri-implant complications, and effect of fixation screw placement. Patients were categorized into two groups: those with ADM graft fixation and those without.
Results:
The augmented bone width was compared using CBCT. Overall, 21 implant sites were evaluated in 18 patients. Mean horizontal bone gain was 1.3 ± 0.7 mm at the crestal level, 1.4 ± 0.8 mm at 1 mm, and 1.0 ± 0.9 mm at 2 mm apical to the cover screw. Sites with a fixation screw showed significantly greater gain (1.9 ± 0.6 mm, 1.8 ± 1.0 mm, and 1.5 ± 1.0 mm) than those without a screw (0.9 ± 0.4 mm, 1.2 ± 0.6 mm, and 0.7 ± 0.6 mm; P < 0.05). All implants remained clinically stable with no compromised peri-implant health during a mean functional loading period of 18 ± 12.5 months.
Conclusions:
The rhBMP-2-loaded ADM graft provides favorable horizontal bone gain while maintaining healthy peri-implant tissue conditions during the observed loading period, offering a minimally invasive alternative for managing horizontal alveolar deficiencies.
