Population-based Prevalence of Bronchiectasis in the United States
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Author List Kristy Iglay1, Christina M Mingora2, William K Mountford3
1CERobs Consulting LLC, Asheville, NC, USA.
Background:
Bronchiectasis is a chronic, heterogeneous lung disease of rising prevalence; however, contemporary epidemiological data are lacking. Furthermore, paediatric prevalence and cystic fibrosis (CF)-related bronchiectasis prevalence are frequently absent from existing literature.
Research Question:
What is the prevalence of bronchiectasis in the United States?
Study Design And Methods:
This retrospective, observational study utilised data from the Optum® Clinformatics® Data Mart claims database to estimate the age- and sex-standardised prevalence of bronchiectasis in the US in people of all ages and paediatrics (aged <18 years). Prevalence was stratified by age, sex, ethnicity and insurance coverage. Individuals were required to have ≥1 day of enrolment during the index period (2018-2022); the index date was the latest day in this period with ≥365 days of prior continuous enrolment.
Results:
In the overall population, 94,392 cases of bronchiectasis were identified (median age, 76 years). Five-year prevalence was 221.6 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 220.1-223.1) per 100,000 persons and increased with age. Prevalence was higher among females (274.6 per 100,000 persons), Asians (302.3 per 100,000 persons) and Medicare Advantage enrolees (528.6 per 100,000 persons). In total, 1.4% of the overall population had a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. Five-year prevalence in the paediatric population (including 465 cases; median age, 12 years) was 11.9 (95% CI: 10.8-13.1) per 100,000 persons. Paediatric prevalence was similar between sexes, higher in Caucasians and higher in those with non-CF-related bronchiectasis than CF-related bronchiectasis.
Interpretation:
This current study reports that bronchiectasis prevalence continues to increase in the US compared with previous studies, with a consistently higher prevalence in females and Asians, and that a lower proportion of individuals have CF-related bronchiectasis compared with non-CF-related bronchiectasis.
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