Rendering Dynamic Load Cues in Interactive Graphics Via Structured Fingertip Vibration

Interacting with virtual objects in immersive computer graphics applications requires users to interpret how load changes with motion and orientation. Although modern rendering pipelines provide high-quality visual feedback, dynamic load cues remain difficult to perceive during real-time manipulation in VR. Existing haptic approaches often rely on mechanically resistive devices or uniform vibration, limiting wearability and integration into graphics systems. We present a load rendering method that augments graphics applications with structured fingertip vibrotactile feedback to convey dynamic load cues. Rather than simulating physical force, the approach structures vibration patterns across fingers based on object motion and orientation, guided by physically informed design heuristics and perceptual expectations. By modulating vibration intensity and distribution across the fingers, the technique supports perceptual interpretation of load shifts during lifting, tilting, and rotation tasks. User evaluation demonstrates improved perceptual naturalness and visuo-haptic congruence, highlighting a scalable extension to the interactive graphics pipeline for immersive manipulation.