Exploring 2d:4d finger length patterns as predictive biomarkers for knee osteoarthritis: Insights from a case-control study
Shazia Rahman Shaikh1, Urooj Bhatti2, Mubina Laghari3
1Department of Community Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan.
Objective:
To evaluate the association and estimation of odds between second-digit-to-four-digit finger length patterns and knee osteoarthritis.
Methods:
The case-control study was conducted at Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad, Pakistan, between December 2019 and December 2022, and comprised confirmed cases of knee osteoarthritis in group A and controls in group B. The second-digit-to-four-digit ratio was visually assessed. The participants placed their hands palmdown on a flat surface with fingers naturally extended and slightly separated. The ratio was determined by comparing the lengths of the index and ring fingers. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
Results:
Of the 949 subjects, 190(20%) were in group A and 759(80%) in group B. Most group B controls (>50%) of both genders had equal index and ring finger lengths, while among group A cases, majority of males (>80%) and females (>70%) had longer ring fingers in both right and left hands, respectively. Significant association between hand finger patterns and knee osteoarthritis was found (p<0.001). Type III finger pattern on the left hand was independently associated with an increased risk of knee osteoarthritis (odds ratio: 3.17; 95% confidence interval: 1.31-7.69).
Conclusion:
Type III finger pattern of hand strongly correlated with an elevated risk of knee osteoarthritis.