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Trace elements in soils and crops.

R L Mitchell, J C Burridge

    Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
    |December 11, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Soil trace element availability, not total content, is crucial for plant uptake. Mobilization in temperate climates, especially in poorly drained soils, influences plant nutrition and potential inter-element interactions.

    Area of Science:

    • Agricultural Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Soil Science

    Background:

    • Trace elements are vital for plant nutrition, but their biological significance lies in plant-available forms, not total soil content.
    • Soil conditions, particularly drainage and weathering, significantly impact trace element mobilization and availability.
    • Understanding trace element dynamics is essential for optimizing crop health and managing potential toxicities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare trace element concentrations in Scottish arable soils with soil-forming rocks and crustal averages.
    • To investigate factors influencing trace element mobilization and plant uptake in different soil types.
    • To highlight the need for further research on trace element interactions and their effects on plant functions.

    Main Methods:

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    • Analysis of approximately 60 trace elements in ten representative Scottish arable surface soils.
    • Comparison of soil trace element ranges with those found in parent rocks and Earth's crustal averages.
    • Assessment of trace element forms (adsorbed, chelated) and their availability influenced by soil parameters.

    Main Results:

    • Significant variations in trace element contents exist between soils, parent rocks, and crustal averages.
    • Impeded pedological drainage in temperate climates enhances trace element mobilization, particularly in gleyed soils.
    • Plant uptake of trace elements varies by species, plant part, and growth stage, influenced by soil conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • Plant-available trace elements, rather than total amounts, are key to biological significance in soils.
    • Soil surveys correlating parent material and genetic soil types offer a valuable framework for assessing countrywide trace element status.
    • Further research is needed on the mobilization, uptake, and inter-element interactions of various trace elements to fully understand their impact on plant health.