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Electron diffraction of wet phospholipid bilayers.

S W Hui, D F Parsons, M Cowden

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    |December 1, 1974
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Electron diffraction reveals that hydrated dipalmitoyl lecithin bilayers and monolayers form domains of hexagonally packed lipid chains. These domains, several micrometers in diameter, exhibit structures consistent with hydrocarbon chain electron scattering factors.

    Area of Science:

    • Lipid bilayer and monolayer structural analysis
    • Electron diffraction and microscopy techniques
    • Molecular structure of phospholipids

    Background:

    • Dipalmitoyl lecithin (DPL) is a key phospholipid in biological membranes.
    • Understanding the structural organization of hydrated lipid films is crucial for membrane biophysics.
    • Previous studies have explored lipid packing, but detailed domain structures in hydrated states require further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the structural organization of fully hydrated dipalmitoyl lecithin (DPL) single bilayers and monolayers.
    • To characterize the nature and size of ordered domains within these lipid films.
    • To correlate observed structures with theoretical models of lipid chain packing.

    Main Methods:

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  • Utilized electron diffraction in conjunction with a specialized hydration stage in an electron microscope.
  • Analyzed selective area diffraction patterns from hydrated DPL films.
  • Compared experimental diffraction intensities with calculated electron scattering factors for lipid hydrocarbon chains.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified domains composed of mosaics of crystallites with hexagonally packed lipid chains.
    • Determined the typical diameter of these ordered domains to be several micrometers.
    • Observed that diffraction intensities closely matched calculations based on the electron scattering factor of lipid hydrocarbon chains.

    Conclusions:

    • Fully hydrated dipalmitoyl lecithin bilayers and monolayers exhibit domain formation.
    • These domains are characterized by hexagonal packing of lipid chains.
    • The structural findings support theoretical predictions of lipid chain behavior in hydrated lipid assemblies.