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Related Experiment Videos

Rapidly developing tolerance to acute exposures to anesthetic agents.

R A Smith, P M Winter, M Smith

    Anesthesiology
    |June 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Mice rapidly developed tolerance to nitrous oxide and ethylene anesthesia, requiring higher concentrations for the same effect over time. Cyclopropane and nitrous oxide with helium did not show this acute tolerance.

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    Area of Science:

    • Anesthesiology
    • Pharmacology
    • Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Mice exhibit withdrawal symptoms after nitrous oxide exposure, suggesting rapid tolerance.
    • Acute tolerance to anesthetics can influence drug efficacy and dosing.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the development of acute tolerance to nitrous oxide and other anesthetic agents in mice.
    • To determine the median effective dose (ED50) for loss of righting reflex under varying exposure times and gas mixtures.

    Main Methods:

    • Determined ED50 of nitrous oxide, cyclopropane, nitrous oxide plus helium, and ethylene plus helium in mice.
    • Measured ED50 after 6, 34, and 64 minutes of anesthetic exposure.
    • Administered anesthetics with 1 atm of oxygen.

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    Main Results:

    • Nitrous oxide alone showed increased ED50 from 1.18 atm at 6 min to 1.39 atm at 64 min, indicating acute tolerance.
    • Ethylene plus helium also demonstrated acute tolerance, with ED50 rising from 1.21 atm to 1.31 atm.
    • Cyclopropane alone and nitrous oxide plus helium did not induce acute tolerance.

    Conclusions:

    • Rapid tolerance develops to nitrous oxide and ethylene, but not cyclopropane or nitrous oxide with helium.
    • The absence of tolerance may be linked to slower achievement of alveolar anesthetic concentrations for certain agents.