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Related Experiment Videos

Thyrotropin receptors in normal and pathological human thyroid tissues.

H Takahashi, N S Jiang, C A Gorman

    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
    |October 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors in normal and pathological thyroid tissues show reduced binding sites in various conditions. This decrease in TSH receptor numbers is significant in adenomas, Graves' disease, and carcinomas.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors play a crucial role in thyroid function.
    • Understanding TSH receptor properties is vital for diagnosing and managing thyroid pathologies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize TSH receptor binding sites in normal and pathological human thyroid tissues.
    • To investigate alterations in TSH receptor number and affinity in conditions like adenomas, Graves' disease, and thyroid carcinomas.

    Main Methods:

    • Radioreceptor assay using purified bovine [125I]TSH.
    • Analysis of TSH binding to human thyroid homogenates.
    • Characterization of high and low affinity binding sites using Hill plot analysis.

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    Main Results:

    • Normal thyroid tissue exhibits two distinct orders of TSH binding sites: high affinity (Kd, 0.015-0.16 x 10-9 M) and low affinity (Kd, 1.2-2.4 x 10-9 M).
    • Pathological tissues generally show reduced numbers of TSH binding sites, with specific reductions observed in solitary "cold" adenomas, Graves' disease, papillary, and follicular carcinomas.
    • Medullary carcinoma showed minimal to no TSH binding sites.

    Conclusions:

    • TSH receptors are present in normal and pathological thyroid tissues, characterized by high and low affinity binding sites.
    • A reduced number of TSH binding sites is a common feature in various thyroid pathologies, suggesting a potential role in disease pathogenesis.
    • Quantification of TSH receptor binding sites may serve as a biomarker for thyroid disease.