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Related Experiment Videos

Airway closure and closing volume.

L Forkert, S Dhingra, N R Anthonisen

    Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    This study reveals that closing volume (CV) measurements in the lungs are not precise indicators of when airway closure begins. Instead, phase IV of lung function tests better reflects increased airway closure at lower lung volumes.

    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonary Physiology
    • Respiratory Mechanics
    • Gas Exchange

    Background:

    • Closing volume (CV) is a measure of lung function, traditionally determined using helium boluses.
    • Understanding airway closure at different lung volumes is crucial for diagnosing respiratory conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare regional nitrous oxide (N2O) uptake with regional perfusion distribution during breath holds.
    • To investigate the relationship between N2O uptake, perfusion, and airway closure at various lung volumes.
    • To determine the accuracy of conventional CV measurements in reflecting airway closure.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized radioactive Xenon (Xe) boluses to measure regional N2O uptake and regional perfusion.
    • Conducted measurements at residual volume (RV), closing volume (CV), above CV, and between CV and RV.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Employed helium boluses for conventional CV tracings, analyzing phase III slope and phase IV height.

    • Main Results:

    • At low lung volumes, reduced N2O uptake despite normal blood flow indicated airway closure.
    • All subjects exhibited significant airway closure near RV, with four out of five showing closure at CV.
    • Airway closure increased more significantly below CV than above it.
    • Phase IV height positively correlated with airway closure between CV and RV, while phase III slope did not.

    Conclusions:

    • Conventional CV measurements do not pinpoint the exact onset of airway closure.
    • The onset of phase IV in lung function tests indicates increased basal airway closure.
    • Phase IV height quantifies the extent of basal airway closure occurring between CV and RV.