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Lung function in children with sickle cell anemia.

M A Wall, O S Platt, D J Strieder

    The American Review of Respiratory Disease
    |July 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Children with sickle cell anemia maintain normal lung function due to increased blood volume, despite mild hypoxemia. Pulmonary function in these pediatric patients is influenced by race and anemia severity.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Pulmonology
    • Hematology
    • Cardiovascular Physiology

    Background:

    • Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a genetic blood disorder with potential systemic complications.
    • Pulmonary involvement in SCA can affect lung function and gas exchange.
    • Understanding pulmonary adaptations in pediatric SCA is crucial for managing the condition.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate lung volumes, expiratory flows, and gas exchange in children with SCA.
    • To investigate the mechanisms maintaining diffusing capacity in anemic pediatric subjects.
    • To determine the influence of race and anemia on pulmonary function in children with SCA.

    Main Methods:

    • Spirometry and lung volume measurements in SCA patients and healthy controls.
    • Diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and its components were assessed.

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  • Arterial blood gases were analyzed under room air and 100% oxygen.

    • Main Results:

    • Lung volumes and expiratory flows were comparable between children with SCA and controls.
    • DLCO was maintained within the normal range due to increased pulmonary capillary blood volume and membrane diffusing capacity.
    • Mild hypoxemia and increased intrapulmonary shunt were observed in SCA subjects.

    Conclusions:

    • Pediatric sickle cell anemia patients can exhibit preserved lung function despite anemia.
    • Compensatory mechanisms involving pulmonary circulation help maintain gas exchange.
    • Pulmonary function in this population is influenced by both racial background and the severity of anemia.