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Implant failures in orthopaedic surgery.

L J Harris, R R Tarr

    Biomaterials, Medical Devices, and Artificial Organs
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Orthopaedic implant failures in joint replacements and fracture fixation are reviewed. Key failure causes include excessive motion, implant stress, and bone stress shielding.

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    Area of Science:

    • Orthopaedic surgery
    • Biomedical engineering
    • Materials science

    Background:

    • Orthopaedic implants are crucial for joint replacement and fracture fixation.
    • Failures in these implants can lead to significant patient morbidity and revision surgeries.
    • Understanding failure mechanisms is essential for improving implant design and longevity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review common failure modes in orthopaedic implants.
    • To discuss specific examples in total joint arthroplasty and fracture fixation.
    • To identify underlying biomechanical factors contributing to implant failure.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of orthopaedic implant failures.
    • Analysis of common failure sites: total hip arthroplasty, total knee arthroplasty, intertrochanteric hip fractures, and long bone fractures.

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  • Identification of biomechanical principles associated with implant failure.

    • Main Results:

    • Common failures in total joint replacement (hip and knee) and fracture fixation (hip and long bone) were identified.
    • Excessive motion at the implant-bone interface is a significant factor.
    • Stress concentrations within the implant and stress shielding of the bone are implicated in failure mechanisms.

    Conclusions:

    • Implant failures in orthopaedics are multifactorial, involving biomechanical issues.
    • Addressing excessive motion, implant stress, and bone stress shielding is critical for enhancing implant survival.
    • Further research into implant design and fixation strategies can mitigate these common failure modes.