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Endocarditis caused by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.

J Reider, J Wheat

    Southern Medical Journal
    |September 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Endocarditis caused by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is rare. Treatment requires high-dose penicillin or ampicillin combined with streptomycin or gentamicin for prolonged periods.

    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Cardiology
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Endocarditis is an infection of the heart's inner lining, often affecting heart valves.
    • Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is a bacterium that can cause serious infections, including endocarditis.

    Observation:

    • This review details a case of endocarditis caused by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and analyzes 18 previously reported cases.
    • Clinical manifestations of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans endocarditis were examined.

    Findings:

    • Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans exhibits relative resistance to penicillin and ampicillin.
    • Effective treatment necessitates high-dose penicillin or ampicillin in combination with aminoglycosides like streptomycin or gentamicin.

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    Implications:

    • Prolonged antibiotic therapy (four to six weeks) is crucial for successful outcomes.
    • Understanding the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is vital for guiding clinical management.