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Do autistic children come from upper-middle-class parents?

E Schopler, C E Andrews, K Strupp

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

|June 1, 1979

Summary

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This study found that autistic children from high socioeconomic status (SES) families are more likely to have early onset and require extensive travel for treatment. These findings help clarify social class biases in autism research.

Area of Science:

Developmental Psychology
Child Psychiatry
Sociology

Background:

Previous research on autism and socioeconomic status (SES) presents conflicting findings regarding social class bias.
Some studies indicate autistic children predominantly come from high SES families, while others report no such bias.

Purpose of the Study:

To resolve contradictory findings on the relationship between autism and socioeconomic status (SES).
To empirically investigate social class selection factors associated with autism in a statewide sample.

Main Methods:

An empirical study was conducted on a statewide sample of families with autistic children.
Seven hypothesized social class selection factors were examined: early onset, early treatment admission, normal cognition, complex rituals, travel distance for treatment, service availability, and detailed child history.

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Main Results:

Factors distinguishing high SES from low SES families included: early age of onset, long distance traveled for treatment, limited availability of services, and very detailed child history.
These factors were associated with high SES families in the direction predicted by the hypothesis.

Conclusions:

The study identified specific factors that differentiate high SES from low SES families with autistic children.
Findings have implications for autism research, highlighting potential biases in diagnosis and access to care.
Understanding these SES-related factors is crucial for refining autism research methodologies and improving treatment accessibility.