Congruence of childhood sex-role identity and behaviour disturbances

Thirty-eight children who were aged between 4 and 12 1/2 years were referred for potential gender disturbances and received independent assessments of sex-role behaviour and identity. Ratings of sex-role behaviour were based on psychodynamic, behavioural and psychometric procedures, with the behavioural and psychodynamic ratings most highly correlated. Two ratings of sex-role identity disturbance, derived from psychodynamic and behavioural orientations, yielded a strong interrelated agreement. The mean ratings of sex-role identity and behaviour disturbance were moderately correlated and provided a high degree of internal consistency. An overall diagnosis was derived for each subject by combining the behaviour and identity mean ratings. The findings are discussed in terms of the limitations of present knowledge on normal and deviant sex-role developmental processes.