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Related Concept Videos

Hormonal Regulation01:40

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Hormones regulate a significant portion of digestion through activation of the neuroendocrine system. The neuroendocrine system of digestion contains many different hormones all with multiple functions that are both, directly and indirectly, involved in digestion.
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Peptic ulcers are sores on the stomach's inner lining and the upper small intestine, which are the result of disruptions in the mucosal layer that houses parietal cells which produce gastric acid, and chief cells which secrete pepsinogen.
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The stomach comprises several layers that work together to facilitate digestion and protect the organ. The outermost layer is called the serosa, which provides support and protection to the stomach. The muscularis externa layer is responsible for the mechanical breakdown of food by contracting and moving the stomach. The submucosa layer, located beneath the muscularis externa, contains connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves, and glands that secrete mucus and other substances essential for...
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Enteroendocrine cells, accounting for only 1% of stomach epithelial cells, play a significant role in digestion and are classified by their digestive hormone secretions.
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The gastric phase of digestion begins as soon as food enters the stomach. The incoming food bolus triggers neural and hormonal mechanisms, which last approximately 3 to 4 hours. During this phase, the stomach undergoes significant changes to prepare the food for further digestion and absorption.
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Pancreatic juice is a clear fluid produced by the pancreas, containing water, salts, sodium bicarbonate, and enzymes vital for digestion in the small intestine. It helps break down large molecules, facilitating nutrient absorption.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Assessing the Secretory Capacity of Pancreatic Acinar Cells
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Pepsin secretion in man after Histalog stimulation.

M D Turner, P J Mayer, L J Miller

    Gut
    |October 1, 1970
    PubMed
    Summary

    Human gastric juice contains three pepsin fractions. Stimulation with beta-aminoethylpyrazole hydrochloride (Histalog) increased all three pepsin outputs equally, showing no selective stimulation of individual fractions.

    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Enzymology

    Background:

    • Human gastric juice contains multiple pepsin fractions.
    • Pepsin plays a crucial role in protein digestion.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of beta-aminoethylpyrazole hydrochloride (Histalog) on different human gastric pepsin fractions.
    • To determine if Histalog selectively stimulates specific pepsin fractions.

    Main Methods:

    • Chromatography on DEAE-cellulose was used to separate pepsin fractions from human gastric juice.
    • The response of these fractions to intramuscular injection of Histalog was analyzed.

    Main Results:

    • Human gastric juice exhibited three distinct pepsin fractions upon DEAE-cellulose chromatography.

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  • Intramuscular injection of Histalog led to an increased output of all three pepsin fractions.
  • The relative proportions of the three pepsin fractions remained largely unchanged post-Histalog administration.

    • Conclusions:

    • Histalog stimulates the overall output of human gastric pepsin.
    • There is no evidence of selective stimulation of individual pepsin fractions by Histalog.