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Fever in megaloblastic anemia.

L C McKee

    Southern Medical Journal
    |November 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Fever is common in megaloblastic anemia caused by vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency, affecting about 40% of patients. Prompt resolution of fever with vitamin therapy suggests uncomplicated anemia, while persistent fever warrants investigation for other causes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Internal Medicine
    • Nutritional Science

    Background:

    • Megaloblastic anemia is a condition characterized by enlarged red blood cells.
    • Deficiencies in vitamin B12 or folic acid are primary causes of megaloblastic anemia.
    • Fever can be a presenting symptom in various hematological disorders.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of fever in patients with megaloblastic anemia.
    • To determine the relationship between fever and the severity of megaloblastic anemia.
    • To assess the utility of fever resolution in diagnosing uncomplicated megaloblastic anemia.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of medical charts for 122 patients diagnosed with megaloblastic anemia.
    • Analysis of patient data for the presence and degree of fever (≥100 F / 37.8 C).

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  • Correlation of fever with anemia severity, thrombocytopenia, SGOT, and bilirubin levels.

    • Main Results:

    • Approximately 40% of patients with vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency megaloblastic anemia presented with fever.
    • Fever elevations varied, sometimes exceeding 104 F (40 C) in severe cases with thrombocytopenia and elevated liver enzymes/bilirubin.
    • In uncomplicated cases, fever resolved rapidly following appropriate vitamin replacement therapy.

    Conclusions:

    • Fever is a significant, though not universal, symptom in megaloblastic anemia.
    • Rapid defervescence after vitamin therapy supports a diagnosis of uncomplicated megaloblastic anemia.
    • Persistent fever despite treatment necessitates a search for alternative or coexisting medical conditions.