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Audiological manifestations in "split brain" patients.

F E Musiek, D H Wilson, M L Pinheiro

    Journal of the American Auditory Society
    |July 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Commissurotomy surgery did not affect basic hearing abilities. However, central auditory processing showed deficits, particularly a left ear auditory deficit in dichotic speech tests for split-brain patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Audiology
    • Cognitive Psychology

    Background:

    • The corpus callosum facilitates interhemispheric communication, crucial for integrated brain function.
    • Understanding the impact of callosotomy (surgical separation of the brain hemispheres) on auditory processing is vital for neurological research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of commissurotomy on peripheral and central auditory processing.
    • To identify specific auditory deficits in patients following surgical separation of the cerebral hemispheres.

    Main Methods:

    • Administered traditional peripheral hearing tests (pure-tone thresholds, speech reception thresholds, speech discrimination) and central auditory tests.
    • Utilized dichotically presented speech stimuli and low-redundancy, monaural speech stimuli.

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  • Tested three patients, one pre- and post-surgery, two post-surgery only.

    • Main Results:

    • Commissurotomy showed no significant impact on peripheral hearing test performance.
    • Central auditory tests revealed significant abnormalities, most notably a complete absence of response to left-ear stimuli in dichotic listening tasks.
    • This monaural deficit could be mitigated by reducing the intensity of right-ear stimuli, and similar, though less consistent, left-ear deficits were observed with low-redundancy monaural speech.

    Conclusions:

    • Commissurotomy leads to specific deficits in central auditory processing, particularly affecting the left ear's ability to process speech stimuli in dichotic listening paradigms.
    • These findings highlight the role of interhemispheric connections in complex auditory perception and speech processing.