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Related Experiment Videos

Therapeutic communities, old and new.

M Jones

    The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study distinguishes between the original UK psychiatric Therapeutic Community (TC) model emphasizing shared decision-making and the newer substance abuse treatment model, often peer-led. Both aim for therapeutic environments but differ significantly in structure and professional involvement.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychiatry
    • Psychology
    • Sociology

    Background:

    • Therapeutic Communities (TCs) have evolved significantly since their post-WWII origins.
    • Early TCs in the UK focused on democratic hospital systems with shared patient-staff decision-making.
    • Recent developments in social sciences inform contemporary TC models.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To clarify and differentiate two distinct uses of the term Therapeutic Community (TC).
    • To distinguish the methodologies employed in "old" and "new" TCs.

    Main Methods:

    • Historical analysis of the "old" TC movement in UK psychiatry.
    • Examination of "new" TCs derived from substance abuse treatment models like Synanon.
    • Analysis of methodologies including peer group problem-solving and transactional analysis.

    Main Results:

    • The "old" TC model emphasizes open communication, shared decision-making, and democratic structures.
    • The "new" TC model, often used in substance abuse treatment, relies heavily on peer interaction and minimizes professional involvement.
    • Specific applications of "new" TCs include Asklepieion units in prisons using Synanon "games".

    Conclusions:

    • "Old" and "new" Therapeutic Communities represent fundamentally different approaches to treatment and social organization.
    • Understanding these distinctions is crucial for accurate application and research in mental health and substance abuse treatment.

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