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Nerve membrane excitation without threshold.

K S Cole, R Guttman, F Bezanilla

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    |April 1, 1970
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The squid axon membrane

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • The squid giant axon is a model system for studying neuronal excitability.
    • Understanding the mechanisms of ion transport across excitable membranes is crucial for neuroscience.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate whether the potential response of the squid axon membrane is a continuous function of stimulating current.
    • To determine if an all-or-none phenomenon plays a significant role in ion transport across excitable membranes.

    Main Methods:

    • Producing spatially uniform potential (V) and current (I) in the squid axon using electrode arrangements and sucrose pools.
    • Conducting direct experiments and calculations based on Hodgkin-Huxley empirical conductances.
    • Analyzing the relationship between maximum response (R) and stimulus effect (S) at varying temperatures.

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    Main Results:

    • The potential response (V) was found to be a smoothly continuous function of stimulating current (I).
    • The maximum response (R) is a continuous, single-valued function of the stimulus effect (S).
    • Calculated conductances remained finite and continuous even at low temperatures, supporting continuous excitation.

    Conclusions:

    • Evidence suggests that ion transport across the squid axon membrane is not primarily an all-or-none phenomenon.
    • A continuous excitation model is more likely for ion transport across normal squid axon membranes and potentially other excitable membranes.
    • An all-or-none threshold exists for impulse initiation and propagation, but not for the underlying ion transport mechanism.