The effects of chronic middle ear effusion on speech and language development -- a descriptive study

In this study, the speech and language skills of children with histories of chronic middle ear effusion were analyzed. Forty-seven children between the ages of one year eleven months and five years five months were given a battery of speech and language tests in the course of a diagnostic evaluation. All the children had been referred to speech pathology by a physician because of a suspected communication disorder. All subjects had histories of three or more episodes of middle era effusion, with the first episode occurring prior to 18 months of age. All medical records were checked and in-depth case histories were obtained in order to rule out other possible complicating factors that might have contributed to a speech and language delay. The results of this study revealed essentially age-appropriate receptive language skills in this group of children. Expressive language and articulatory skills were significantly below chronological age level expectation, indicating the possible serious effects of chronic middle ear effusion on speech and language development.