Toxic effects of subconjunctival dicloxacillin

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Pharmacology
• Veterinary Medicine

Background:

• Subconjunctival injections are used for localized drug delivery to the eye.
• Dicloxacillin is an antibiotic effective against certain bacterial infections.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the ocular penetration and local toxicity of dicloxacillin following subconjunctival administration in rabbits.

Main Methods:

• Rabbits received subconjunctival injections of dicloxacillin.
• Drug concentrations in aqueous humor were measured.
• Clinical and histopathological examinations of ocular tissues were performed.

Main Results:

• High concentrations of dicloxacillin were detected in the aqueous humor.
• Adverse effects observed included corneal opacification, epithelial sloughing, and conjunctival necrosis.
• Histopathological analysis confirmed tissue damage.

Conclusions:

• Subconjunctival dicloxacillin achieves high intraocular levels but causes significant ocular toxicity.
• The potential risks of subconjunctival dicloxacillin should be carefully considered in ophthalmic practice.