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Related Experiment Videos

A sensitive test demonstrating lupus anticoagulant and its behavioural patterns.

T Exner, K A Rickard, H Kronenberg

    British Journal of Haematology
    |September 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study developed a sensitive kaolin clotting time test to detect lupus anticoagulants in patients with disseminated lupus erythematosus (DLE). The test, using platelet-poor plasma, identified inhibitors missed by routine tests, suggesting a distinct mechanism from anti-platelet antibodies in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).

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    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Immunology
    • Clinical Chemistry

    Background:

    • Lupus anticoagulants are antibodies that prolong clotting time and are associated with thrombosis.
    • Standard coagulation tests may not reliably detect lupus anticoagulants, especially in the presence of platelets.
    • Platelets can interfere with the detection of lupus anticoagulants, potentially masking their presence.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a sensitive assay for detecting lupus anticoagulants.
    • To investigate the effect of platelets on lupus anticoagulant detection.
    • To differentiate lupus anticoagulant activity from anti-platelet antibodies in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized kaolin clotting time assay with platelet-poor plasma.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Tested mixtures of normal and patient plasmas to observe mixing patterns.
  • Investigated the effect of platelet lipid substitute omission and low platelet concentrations.
  • Analyzed plasma from patients with disseminated lupus erythematosus (DLE) and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).

    • Main Results:

    • A sensitive test for lupus anticoagulant detection was established using platelet-poor plasma.
    • Platelets were found to reduce the anticoagulant effect of lupus inhibitors.
    • 12 out of 17 DLE patients showed detectable inhibitors, exceeding routine test detection rates.
    • Four distinct mixing patterns were observed, with one pattern suggesting coagulation pathway activation in DLE.
    • No inhibitors were detected in 6 ITP patients, indicating different antibody behavior.

    Conclusions:

    • The kaolin clotting time assay with platelet-poor plasma is a sensitive method for detecting lupus anticoagulants.
    • Platelet concentration significantly influences lupus anticoagulant detection.
    • Specific mixing patterns in DLE plasma may indicate coagulation activation.
    • Lupus anticoagulants and anti-platelet antibodies in ITP exhibit distinct immunological and functional characteristics.