Effect of chronic exposure to alcohol on the circulation of rats of different ages

Two groups each of young and old animals were fed nutritonally adequate liquid diet. One group of each served for control, while in the other one 36% of the total caloric intake was supplied by ethanol in place of part of the fat and carbohydrate. The young animals became rapidly adapted to the alcohol containing diet, while the aged animals refused to eat it even at the expense of transient hunger and thirst. Alcohol treatment resulted in body weight loss and the appearance of slight ST segment abnormalities in the ECG. Histological study of the myocardium revealed no pathological finding. Alcohol reduced the blood pressure, TPR, gut and skin fractions of the cardiac output, myocardial nutritive blood flow, and vascular resistance of the carcass in both groups, whereas it increased the relative weight of the heart. There was a greater decrease of blood pressure and a greater increase in the relative weight of the heart in the old than in young alcohol treated animals. Chronic exposure to alcohol results in a redistribution of circulation which is detrimental to cardiac function. This alcohol induced redistribution affects the cardiovascular system of old animals more severely.