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Cobalt-induced epilepsy: an ultrastructural study.

L W Chang, H M Payan

    Neurological Research
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Cobalt implants induced epilepsy in rats by causing neuronal damage, including endoplasmic reticulum disintegration and neurofilament accumulation. These changes were observed in the cerebral cortex following cobalt exposure.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cell Biology
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
    • Understanding the cellular mechanisms underlying epilepsy is crucial for developing effective treatments.
    • Metallic implants can induce pathological changes in brain tissue.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the ultrastructural changes in the cerebral cortex of rats following metallic cobalt implantation.
    • To determine if aluminum implantation or control conditions induce similar changes.
    • To correlate observed ultrastructural changes with the development of epilepsy.

    Main Methods:

    • Metallic cobalt and aluminum rods were surgically implanted into the cerebral cortices of rats.
    • Animals were monitored for the development of epilepsy.

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  • Cerebral cortical tissue samples were analyzed using electron microscopy.

    • Main Results:

    • Cobalt implantation led to epilepsy in nearly all animals within 30 days.
    • Electron microscopy revealed disintegration of rough endoplasmic reticulum and neurofilament accumulation in cortical neurons of cobalt-implanted rats.
    • SER-like tubulovesicular structures and nuclear pseudo-inclusions were observed in neurons and neuronal processes.
    • Similar ultrastructural changes were occasionally found in the contralateral hemisphere (mirror image effect).
    • Aluminum-implanted and control rats showed no such changes.

    Conclusions:

    • Metallic cobalt implantation induces significant ultrastructural alterations in rat cerebral cortex, correlating with epilepsy.
    • The observed changes, including endoplasmic reticulum damage and neurofilamentous aggregates, may contribute to epileptogenesis.
    • The mirror image effect suggests potential transneuronal or systemic factors influencing neuronal damage.