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Effect of increased iodide intake on thyroid function in subjects on chronic lithium therapy
Acta Endocrinologica
|February 1, 1977
Summary
Adding iodine to lithium therapy can disrupt thyroid function. This study found increased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and altered thyroid hormone levels in patients, with some developing hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Pharmacology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Lithium is a common treatment for bipolar disorder.
- Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis.
- Interactions between lithium and iodine on thyroid function are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of potassium iodide on thyroid function in patients receiving chronic lithium therapy.
- To assess the incidence of thyroid dysfunction following iodine administration in this patient group.
Main Methods:
- Thyroid function tests (TSH, T3, T4) were measured in 10 patients before and after daily administration of 250 mg potassium iodide for an unspecified duration.
- Clinical outcomes, including development of hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, were monitored.
Main Results:
- Mean serum TSH increased significantly (8.9 muU/ml).
- Mean serum T3 levels rose from 70 to 101 ng/dl.
- Two patients developed hypothyroidism, one showed elevated TSH without hormone changes, and one experienced hyperthyroidism (Jod-Basedow phenomenon).
Conclusions:
- Pharmacological iodine doses can induce significant thyroid function abnormalities in patients on chronic lithium therapy.
- Caution is advised when administering iodine supplements to individuals undergoing lithium treatment due to potential risks of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.