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Bone changes in hyperthyroidism: interrelationships between bone morphometry, thyroid function and calcium-phosphorus

L Mosekilde, F Melsen, J P Bagger

    Acta Endocrinologica
    |July 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Hyperthyroidism accelerates bone turnover, increasing both bone resorption and formation. Increased osteoclastic activity in cortical bone mobilizes bone minerals, leading to reduced bone density.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Bone Biology
    • Mineral Metabolism

    Background:

    • Hyperthyroidism is associated with altered bone metabolism.
    • The precise mechanisms of bone loss in hyperthyroidism require further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate bone turnover and mineral metabolism in untreated hyperthyroid patients.
    • To correlate histomorphometric bone parameters with thyroid function and calcium-phosphorus levels.

    Main Methods:

    • Iliac-crest bone biopsies from 40 untreated hyperthyroid patients and control groups.
    • Double-labeling with tetracycline for bone formation assessment.
    • Histomorphometric and chemical analyses of bone sections.

    Main Results:

    Related Experiment Videos

    • Increased bone turnover with elevated bone resorption and formation in hyperthyroid patients.
    • Positive correlation between serum alkaline phosphatase, osteoid, and tetracycline-labeled surfaces.
    • Increased osteoclastic activity in cortical bone, linked to calcium and phosphorus levels, driving mineral mobilization.

    Conclusions:

    • Hyperthyroidism significantly increases bone turnover, with heightened osteoclastic resorption in cortical bone being a key factor in bone mineral loss.
    • Thyroid activity influences both bone resorption and formation, potentially explaining reduced trabecular bone.
    • Cortical bone osteoclastic resorption is a primary contributor to mineral mobilization in hyperthyroidism.