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Endogenous C-type viruses: double agents in natural life processes

J A Levy

    Biomedicine / [Publiee Pour L'A.A.I.C.I.G.]
    |May 1, 1976
    PubMed

    Insights

    Endogenous C-type RNA viruses, inherited and regulated by host cells, exist in many species. Research suggests their potential role in human diseases like cancer and autoimmune disorders.

    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Genetics
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • C-type RNA viruses are found in approximately 20 vertebrate species.
    • Evidence suggests their presence in humans, though a replicating human virus remains unisolated.
    • These viruses are endogenous, meaning they are inherited and regulated by host cell genetic information.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the nature and potential implications of endogenous C-type viruses in humans.
    • To discuss the two recognized classes of endogenous C-type viruses: ecotropic and xenotropic.
    • To investigate the potential role of these viruses in evolution, development, disease, and cancer.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of electron microscopic, biochemical, and serologic studies.
    • Classification of endogenous C-type viruses into ecotropic and xenotropic types.
    • Hypothesizing potential interactions and cross-species genetic transfer.

    Main Results:

    • Ecotropic viruses infect host species cells and can cause malignancy.
    • Xenotropic viruses infect heterologous species cells but not host species cells.
    • Interactions between ecotropic and xenotropic viruses may facilitate genetic information transfer.

    Conclusions:

    • Endogenous C-type viruses may have counterparts in humans.
    • These viruses could influence evolution, development, differentiation, autoimmune diseases, and cancer.
    • Further research is needed to isolate and characterize human C-type viruses and their roles.

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