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Isolation and partial characterization of human parotid basic proteins.

E H Peters, E A Azen

    Biochemical Genetics
    |October 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Researchers isolated highly basic human parotid saliva proteins (Pb proteins) with unique amino acid sequences. These findings reveal novel protein structures and inform genetic variations in saliva composition.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Genetics
    • Proteomics

    Background:

    • Human parotid saliva contains various proteins, including basic proteins (Pb proteins) associated with specific genetic loci.
    • Understanding the composition and structure of these proteins is crucial for saliva diagnostics and understanding genetic variations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To isolate and characterize basic proteins (Pb proteins) from human parotid saliva.
    • To analyze the amino acid composition and sequence of Pb proteins.
    • To investigate allelic variations and propose a model for different protein forms.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation of basic proteins from human parotid saliva.
    • Isoelectric focusing to determine protein basicity.
    • Amino acid analysis and sequencing.

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  • Bioinformatic comparison with existing protein sequence databases.

    • Main Results:

    • Pb proteins are extremely basic with an isoelectric point >9.5.
    • They are rich in histidine, lysine, and arginine (approx. 45%) and lack cysteine, proline, threonine, valine, methionine, and tryptophan.
    • Pb proteins contain no carbohydrates.
    • No sequence similarities were found with other known proteins, despite some sharing similar amino acid compositions.

    Conclusions:

    • Human parotid saliva contains unique, highly basic proteins (Pb proteins) with distinct amino acid sequences.
    • The observed sequence differences likely account for allelic variations at the Pb locus.
    • A model is proposed to explain these allelic forms based on amino acid sequence variations.