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Numerical values of the classical Haldane coefficient.

J Grønlund, L Garby

    Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology
    |September 1, 1984
    PubMed
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    The Haldane coefficient, crucial for understanding blood gas exchange, is significantly influenced by factors like 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG) and pH. This impacts oxygen-linked carbon dioxide (CO2) transport, especially in respiratory insufficiency.

    Area of Science:

    • Physiological chemistry
    • Respiratory physiology

    Background:

    • The Haldane coefficient quantifies the change in total CO2 concentration per unit change in total O2 concentration at constant PCO2 in whole blood.
    • Understanding factors affecting the Haldane coefficient is vital for respiratory gas exchange analysis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To calculate Haldane coefficient values under various physiological conditions.
    • To assess the influence of plasma pH, erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG), PCO2, hemoglobin O2 saturation, and erythrocyte volume fraction on the Haldane coefficient.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized reciprocity relations to determine proton and CO2 release from hemoglobin upon oxygenation.
    • Estimated changes in total CO2 concentration using published data on binding interactions, proton distribution, and buffer capacities.

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    Main Results:

    • Haldane coefficient values were calculated across a range of physiological parameters.
    • Allosteric ligands (DPG, protons, CO2), hemoglobin O2 saturation, and erythrocyte volume fraction significantly influence the Haldane coefficient.
    • The dependency on O2 saturation and PCO2 increases O2-linked CO2 flux by over 30% in respiratory insufficiency.

    Conclusions:

    • The Haldane coefficient is sensitive to changes in intracellular and extracellular conditions.
    • Altered Haldane coefficient contributes to increased CO2 transport inefficiency in respiratory compromise.