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Related Experiment Videos

A functional domain of bacteriophage lambda terminase for prohead binding.

S Frackman, D A Siegele, M Feiss

    Journal of Molecular Biology
    |December 5, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Bacteriophage terminase complexes from lambda and 21 phages are not interchangeable due to DNA and prohead binding specificities. A hybrid phage revealed a prohead binding specificity domain within the gpA protein's carboxy terminus.

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    Endonuclease and helicase activities of bacteriophage lambda terminase: changing nearby residue 515 restores activity to the gpA K497D mutant enzyme.

    Virology·2000

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Virology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Terminase is a crucial protein complex for bacteriophage lambda DNA packaging and cohesive end formation.
    • Lambda and lambdoid phage 21 share similarities in head genes and DNA packaging but possess non-interchangeable terminases.
    • Terminase specificity involves distinct DNA and prohead binding actions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the genetic basis of terminase specificity between bacteriophage lambda and phage 21.
    • To identify the specific regions of terminase responsible for differential DNA and prohead binding.
    • To characterize a novel lambda-21 hybrid phage and its terminase activity.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation and characterization of a lambda-21 hybrid phage (hybrid 33) resulting from a crossover within terminase genes.

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  • Complementation and helper packaging studies to determine packaging specificity of the hybrid terminase.
  • DNA sequencing of the hybrid phage to pinpoint the crossover site and analyze gene homology.

    • Main Results:

    • Lambda-21 hybrid 33 exhibits phage 21 packaging specificity, requiring lambda proheads.
    • The hybrid phage contains the phage 21 gene 1 and a hybrid gene 2/A.
    • Sequencing revealed the hybrid protein is homologous to phage 21 gp2, with a carboxy-terminal region homologous to lambda gpA.

    Conclusions:

    • The carboxy terminus of the gpA protein contains a critical domain for prohead binding specificity.
    • Genetic analysis of hybrid phages is a powerful tool for dissecting protein function and specificity.
    • Understanding terminase specificity contributes to knowledge of viral DNA packaging mechanisms.