T antigen repression of SV40 early transcription from two promoters

The SV40 early mRNAs encode large (T) and small (t) tumor antigens. During the lytic cycle, the 5' termini of the early mRNAs undergo a shift: shortly after infection only an initiation site downstream from the TATA box is utilized; later an upstream initiation site becomes prominent. Both initiation sites are utilized in an in vitro transcription extract. D2T, a T antigen analog, specifically represses transcription in vitro from both initiation sites, but at different concentrations. Binding of D2T to site I suppresses initiation from the site downstream of the TATA box; binding to sites II and I suppresses initiation from the upstream site. The role of T antigen binding in repression of transcription and in the shift of initiation sites on the early strand is discussed.