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Effects of lactation on hormonal levels in rural women
Abstract:
Luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and prolactin levels were compared in ten rural and ten urban women, all of whom were experiencing lactational amenorrhea. The values of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone were similar in both groups. The prolactin levels were significantly elevated in the rural group.
Keywords:
AmenorrheaAmericasBiologyComparative StudiesDemographic FactorsDeveloping CountriesDiseasesEndocrine SystemFollicle Stimulating HormoneGonadotropinsGonadotropins, PituitaryHormonesLactationLatin AmericaLuteinizing HormoneMaternal PhysiologyMenstruation DisordersMexicoNorth AmericaPhysiologyPituitary HormonesPopulationPopulation CharacteristicsPostpartum WomenProlactinPuerperiumReproductionResearch MethodologyRural PopulationStudiesUrban PopulationRelated Concept Videos
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Hormonal Regulation
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Target Cell Response to Hormones
Hormones intricately bind to receptors on the surface or within target cells, initiating a cascade of cellular responses.
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...
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At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH release.
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Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and lactation.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and lactation.

