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Related Experiment Videos

S100 protein: a marker for human malignant melanomas?

R Gaynor, H R Herschman, R Irie

    Lancet (London, England)
    |April 18, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    S100 protein shows high specificity for malignant melanoma. Detecting S100 protein aids in diagnosing amelanotic melanoma and identifying micrometastatic disease in patients.

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    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Biochemistry
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • S100 protein, a nervous-system-specific cytoplasmic protein, is also found in human malignant melanoma cell lines.
    • The tumor specificity of S100 protein requires further investigation to assess its diagnostic potential.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the tumor specificity of S100 protein.
    • To determine if S100 protein detection can aid in diagnosing malignant melanoma and identifying metastatic disease.

    Main Methods:

    • Biopsy specimens from normal tissues and various tumors were analyzed for S100 protein presence.
    • Complement fixation and immunofluorescence tests were employed for S100 protein detection and measurement.

    Main Results:

    • S100 protein was detected in all thirteen malignant melanoma tissue samples.
    • S100 protein was absent in nineteen non-melanocytic tumor samples, normal skin, and normal lymph nodes.
    • S100 protein levels did not correlate with tyrosinase activity in the examined tissues.

    Conclusions:

    • S100 protein detection is a highly specific marker for malignant melanoma.
    • S100 protein measurement can assist in differentiating poorly differentiated amelanotic malignant melanoma from tumors of unknown origin.
    • S100 protein analysis may aid in detecting micrometastatic disease in lymph nodes and other tissues of melanoma patients.

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