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Related Experiment Videos

Neural systems control of spatial orienting.

M I Posner, Y Cohen, R D Rafal

    Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
    |June 25, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Peripheral visual cues guide attention, impacting processing efficiency. Brain damage, particularly in the mid-brain and parietal cortex, affects these orienting responses, revealing neural control systems for attention.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Visual Attention

    Background:

    • Peripheral visual cues typically elicit orienting responses, including eye/head movements and shifts in attention.
    • These attentional shifts enhance processing at the cued location but reduce it upon withdrawal.
    • The neural mechanisms underlying these orienting components are not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the time course of orienting responses to peripheral visual cues.
    • To examine the impact of mid-brain and cortical damage on different components of orienting.
    • To elucidate the role of neural control systems in covert attention shifts.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (mid-brain degeneration) and parietal lesions.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessed saccadic eye movements and covert attention orienting.
  • Analyzed detection performance and processing efficiency under varying attentional states.

    • Main Results:

    • Progressive supranuclear palsy abolished saccadic movements but preserved covert orienting, albeit with delays.
    • Covert orienting delays correlated with the direction of most affected eye movements, suggesting mid-brain involvement.
    • Parietal lesions caused significant contralateral detection deficits, especially when attention was directed away from the lesion.

    Conclusions:

    • Covert attention shifts are facilitated by mid-brain pathways, influencing orienting responses.
    • Parietal cortex plays a crucial role in maintaining contralateral detection and attention.
    • These findings link covert orienting of attention to specific neural control systems.