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Related Experiment Videos

Graded synaptic transmission between identified spiking neurons.

K Graubard, J A Raper, D K Hartline

    Journal of Neurophysiology
    |August 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study reveals graded synaptic transmission in lobster pyloric neurons, occurring even below spike thresholds. This tonic chemical signaling influences neuronal activity without requiring action potentials.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Neurophysiology
    • Synaptic Transmission

    Background:

    • Spiking motoneurons in the pyloric group of the spiny lobster stomatogastric ganglion are crucial for rhythmic motor output.
    • Understanding synaptic transmission, including non-spiking mechanisms, is essential for deciphering neural circuit function.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate graded synaptic transmission between spiking motoneurons in the lobster stomatogastric ganglion.
    • To determine if graded synaptic transmission occurs below the spike threshold and its characteristics.

    Main Methods:

    • Intracellular microelectrode recordings from pre- and postsynaptic pyloric neurons in the spiny lobster.
    • Utilized tetrodotoxin (TTX) to block spikes and endogenous oscillations, allowing study of sub-threshold transmission.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Manipulated presynaptic depolarization and extracellular calcium concentrations, and applied picrotoxin to characterize synaptic properties.

    • Main Results:

    • Graded synaptic transmission was observed in all tested cell pairs, including those known for spike-evoked transmission.
    • This transmission was effective below the spike threshold, allowing study in normally active ganglia.
    • Demonstrated criteria for chemical tonic (graded) synaptic transmission, including reversal potential, synaptic delay, and conductance increase.

    Conclusions:

    • Graded synaptic transmission is a significant mode of communication between spiking motoneurons in the pyloric network.
    • This sub-threshold signaling contributes to neural circuit function independently of action potentials.
    • The findings provide a deeper understanding of synaptic integration and network dynamics in the stomatogastric ganglion.