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Some newly discovered mycotoxins.
Annales De La Nutrition Et De L'Alimentation
|January 1, 1977
Summary
Since 1970, research has identified new mycotoxins like cytochalasins and tremorgens. This includes highly oxygenated metabolites and novel compounds such as viridicatumtoxin, impacting fungal toxin research.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Environmental Toxicology
- Natural Product Chemistry
Background:
- The discovery of aflatoxins in 1960 spurred significant research into environmental contaminants.
- Fungal research rapidly expanded, covering mycological, chemical, toxicological, and epidemiological aspects of mycotoxins.
- This review focuses on advancements in mycotoxin research published after 1970.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review significant mycotoxin discoveries and characterizations since 1970.
- To highlight the realization of new classes of mycotoxins and their toxicological importance.
- To describe novel mycotoxin structures and their origins from toxigenic fungi.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of mycological, chemical, and toxicological studies on mycotoxins published post-1970.
- Structural elucidation of newly identified mycotoxins.
- Characterization of metabolites from toxigenic fungi.
Main Results:
- Recognition of new mycotoxin classes, including toxic cytochalasins and tremorgens.
- Emphasis on the role of highly oxygenated metabolites, such as secalonic acids A and D.
- Identification and structural description of toxins like emodin, moniliformin, altenuisiol, alternariol, austdiol, and the novel viridicatumtoxin.
Conclusions:
- Post-1970 research significantly broadened the understanding of mycotoxin diversity and toxicity.
- Novel mycotoxins with complex structures continue to be discovered from various fungal species.
- Continued research is crucial for understanding and mitigating the risks associated with mycotoxins.