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Extragastric H2-receptors.

G Bertaccini, G Coruzzi

    Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The discovery of histamine H2-receptors revolutionized histaminology, revealing their widespread distribution and diverse physiological roles beyond gastric secretion. Further research is needed to fully characterize these receptors and potential subtypes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Histamine Receptor Research
    • Physiology

    Background:

    • The discovery of histamine H2-receptors marked a significant advancement in histaminology.
    • Their crucial role in regulating gastric secretion was quickly established.
    • Recent research indicates a broader distribution of H2-receptors than initially anticipated.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the expanding knowledge of H2-receptor distribution and function.
    • To discuss the signaling pathways and cellular localization of H2-receptors.
    • To explore the ongoing debate regarding H2-receptor heterogeneity.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of studies on histamine H2-receptors.
    • Analysis of physiological responses to H2-receptor stimulation.

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  • Examination of evidence for H2-receptor localization and signaling.

    • Main Results:

    • H2-receptors are found in numerous tissues including the brain, glands, cardiovascular, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, immune systems, and skin.
    • Activation of H2-receptors typically increases adenylate cyclase activity and cyclic AMP levels.
    • Evidence suggests both postsynaptic and potential presynaptic localization, with varying functional roles.
    • Controversy exists regarding the homogeneity of H2-receptors, with some data suggesting 'anomalous' subtypes.

    Conclusions:

    • H2-receptors play diverse roles across multiple organ systems.
    • Understanding H2-receptor signaling, localization, and potential heterogeneity is crucial.
    • Development of highly selective H2-agonists and antagonists is necessary for precise characterization.