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Related Experiment Videos

Alfentanil kinetics in the elderly.

H Helmers, A Van Peer, R Woestenborghs

    Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
    |August 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Elderly surgical patients show altered alfentanil pharmacokinetics compared to young adults. Reduced plasma clearance and longer half-life in the elderly necessitate alfentanil dosage adjustments for safe and effective anesthesia.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Geriatric Medicine
    • Anesthesiology

    Background:

    • Alfentanil is an opioid analgesic commonly used in surgical settings.
    • Understanding age-related pharmacokinetic differences is crucial for optimizing drug dosing.
    • Elderly patients may exhibit altered drug metabolism and elimination.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the pharmacokinetic disposition of alfentanil in elderly surgical patients versus young adults.
    • To determine if age influences key pharmacokinetic parameters of alfentanil.
    • To provide data for adjusting alfentanil dosage in the elderly population.

    Main Methods:

    • Intravenous bolus administration of 50 micrograms/kg alfentanil.
    • Pharmacokinetic analysis using a two-compartment open model.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of plasma clearance, volume of distribution, and terminal half-life between elderly and young adult groups.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant differences in apparent volumes of distribution (central, steady-state, AUC) were observed between elderly and young adult groups.
    • Plasma clearance of alfentanil was significantly lower in elderly subjects (4.4 ml/min/kg) compared to young adults (6.5 ml/min/kg).
    • Terminal plasma half-life (t1/2) was significantly longer in elderly patients (137 min) than in young adults (83 min).

    Conclusions:

    • Alfentanil disposition is altered in elderly surgical patients, characterized by reduced plasma clearance and prolonged elimination half-life.
    • These pharmacokinetic changes in the elderly suggest a potential for increased drug accumulation and prolonged effects.
    • Dosage reduction of alfentanil is recommended for elderly patients, particularly for large single doses, multiple administrations, or prolonged infusions to prevent adverse events.