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Tardive dyskinesia.

C G Goetz, H L Klawans

    Neurologic Clinics
    |August 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Tardive dyskinesia stems from chronic neuroleptic use causing dopamine receptor changes. Treatment involves stopping neuroleptics and using dopamine-depleting agents, avoiding neuroleptics to prevent worsening the condition.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Pharmacology
    • Movement Disorders

    Background:

    • Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a movement disorder often caused by long-term exposure to dopamine receptor blocking agents.
    • The underlying mechanism involves changes in dopaminergic pathways within the striatum.
    • Denervation hypersensitivity is a key pathophysiological feature of TD.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of tardive dyskinesia.
    • To outline current and potential treatment strategies for tardive dyskinesia.
    • To emphasize the avoidance of neuroleptic treatment in managing tardive dyskinesia.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on the neurobiology of tardive dyskinesia.
    • Analysis of the role of dopaminergic and cholinergic systems in TD.

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  • Evaluation of treatment outcomes based on pharmacological interventions.

    • Main Results:

    • Chronic pharmacologic denervation of striatal dopaminergic sites is central to TD pathogenesis.
    • Denervation hypersensitivity contributes significantly to the disorder's pathophysiology.
    • Primary treatments include neuroleptic withdrawal and dopamine-depleting agents.
    • Enhancing striatal cholinergic input may offer symptomatic relief.
    • Manipulating other neurotransmitters remains experimental.

    Conclusions:

    • Tardive dyskinesia pathogenesis is linked to chronic dopaminergic receptor alterations.
    • Effective management focuses on neuroleptic cessation and dopamine reduction.
    • Re-administering neuroleptics is contraindicated as it exacerbates the condition.
    • Cholinergic system modulation presents a potential adjunctive therapy.