Microbial mutagenicity of 3- and 4-ring polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles

The stable isomers of 3- and 4-ring polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles were tested for mutagenicity in the Ames standard plate incorporation test and a liquid pre-incubation modification of the Ames test. Of the 4 three-ring compounds tested, only naphtho[1,2-b]thiophene was mutagenic. Of the four-ring compounds, 7 of 13 were mutagenic in the standard Ames or pre-incubation Ames test. The highest activity for the 4-ring compounds was observed for phenanthrol[3,4-b]thiophene, a compound of approximately the same mutagenic potency in the Ames test as benzo[a]pyrene. The other active 4-ring compounds were of considerable less mutagenic potency than phenanthrol[3,4-b]thiophene. Mutagenicity for two of the 4-ring aromatic thiophenes could only be detected in the liquid pre-incubation Ames test. Salmonella typhimurium TA100 was the most sensitive strain to mutagenesis by these compounds, followed by TA98. All mutagenesis was indirect, requiring metabolic activation.