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Polyurethane leads: facts and controversy.

M Scheuer-Leeser, W Irnich, J Kreuzer

    Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE
    |March 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Polyurethane and silicone cardiac pacing leads show promise for electrode sheaths. Surface cracking in polyurethane leads requires attention for improved lead design and implantation techniques.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomaterials Science
    • Cardiovascular Engineering
    • Medical Device Technology

    Background:

    • Cardiac pacing leads are critical for device function.
    • Material selection impacts lead longevity and performance.
    • Polyurethane and silicone are common lead materials.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • Compare mechanical and electrical properties of polyurethane and silicone cardiac pacing leads.
    • Evaluate hydrolytic stability and friction coefficient for electrode sheath suitability.
    • Investigate surface cracking in polyurethane leads.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative analysis of material properties.
    • Mechanical testing.
    • Electrical property assessment.

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  • Hydrolytic stability testing.
  • Friction coefficient measurement.
  • Surface morphology examination for cracking.

    • Main Results:

    • Both polyurethane and silicone demonstrate suitability as electrode sheaths based on mechanical and electrical properties.
    • Hydrolytic stability and friction coefficients are comparable.
    • Surface cracking is identified as a concern for polyurethane leads.

    Conclusions:

    • Polyurethane and silicone are viable materials for cardiac pacing lead sheaths.
    • Addressing surface cracking in polyurethane is crucial for long-term lead reliability.
    • Recommendations are provided for lead manufacturing, implantation, and follow-up surveillance.