[Diffuse superficial nephroblastomatosis. Chemotherapy. 1 case]

A case of superficial diffuse nephroblastomatosis involving both kidneys in a 14-months old child is reported. Urographic and arteriographic results as well as the still little-known ultrasonographic images made it possible to determine pre-operatively the nature of the tumour and to exclude the initial diagnosis of Wilm's tumour. A relatively non-aggressive chemotherapy resulted in complete involution of the subcapsular tumoral envelope. The close embryogenic and oncogenic relationship between nephroblastoma and nephroblastomatosis is recalled.