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[Hematologic changes following chronic alcoholism].

H J Sanft, K Schulz

    Folia Haematologica (Leipzig, Germany : 1928)
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Chronic alcohol consumption significantly impacts blood cell systems, causing changes like macrocytosis and thrombocytopenia. These hematological abnormalities are often reversible with alcohol abstinence, aiding in diagnosis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Toxicology

    Context:

    • Alcoholism affects multiple organ systems, including the hematopoietic system.
    • Long-term, high alcohol consumption (years to decades) was studied in 50 hospitalized patients.

    Purpose:

    • To identify and characterize hematological changes associated with chronic alcoholism.
    • To assess the diagnostic utility of these changes and their reversibility upon alcohol cessation.

    Summary:

    • Frequent findings included macrocytosis, macrovoluminity of erythrocytes, hyper-sideraemia, and thrombocytopenia.
    • Bone marrow examination revealed megaloblasts, vacuolization, and increased sideroblasts.
    • Alcohol abstinence led to prompt reversibility of most hematological alterations, indicating diagnostic value.

    Impact:

    • Hematological changes in alcoholism are reversible with abstinence, offering diagnostic insights.
    • Alcohol-induced liver damage and spleen enlargement may contribute to thrombocytopenia.
    • While methaemoglobin increase is noted, its clinical significance is minimal; however, alcoholics face risks of immune deficiency, hemorrhagic diatheses, thromboembolism, and hemolysis.

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