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Relation of HVJ (Sendai virus) production to cell growth phase in persistently infected mouse 3T3 cells
Abstract:
Using 3T3 mouse fibroblasts persistently infected with temperature-sensitive HVJ (3T3-HVJ pi), the relationship between production of HVJ and cell growth was investigated. In these cells the highest virus release into the culture media occurred from 24 to 48 hours after seeding. The release gradually decreased as the cultures approached confluency, at which time it was reduced below 1-2 per cent of that on day 2 in parallel with the decrease of both cellular DNA and RNA synthesis rates. Comparative examination in growing and resting HVJ carrier 3T3 cells showed that amounts of nucleocapsids and rate of viral structural protein synthesis in the latter phase was reduced to 4-5 per cent of those in the former phase. In addition, viral replication and transcription rates in the resting phase were found to be suppressed to 8-9 per cent of levels detected in the growing phase. These results suggest that the reduced virus production in the resting HVJ carrier cells may be mainly due to the suppression of viral RNA synthesis.
Insights
Virus production in persistently infected 3T3 cells decreases as cells reach confluency. This reduction in Hemagglutinating Virus of Japan (HVJ) release is linked to suppressed viral RNA synthesis in resting cells.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Persistent viral infections can alter host cell physiology.
- Understanding virus-host interactions is crucial for controlling viral spread.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between Hemagglutinating Virus of Japan (HVJ) production and cell growth in persistently infected 3T3 fibroblasts.
- To identify factors contributing to reduced virus release in confluent or resting cells.
Main Methods:
- Utilized temperature-sensitive HVJ-infected 3T3 mouse fibroblasts (3T3-HVJ pi).
- Monitored virus release into culture media over time.
- Assessed cellular DNA and RNA synthesis rates.
- Quantified viral nucleocapsid and structural protein synthesis.
- Compared viral replication and transcription rates in growing versus resting cells.
Main Results:
- HVJ release peaked 24-48 hours post-seeding and decreased significantly as cultures reached confluency.
- Reduced virus release correlated with decreased cellular DNA and RNA synthesis.
- In resting cells, nucleocapsid and viral protein synthesis dropped to 4-5% of growing cells.
- Viral replication and transcription rates were suppressed to 8-9% in resting cells compared to growing cells.
Conclusions:
- Reduced virus production in resting HVJ carrier cells is primarily attributed to the suppression of viral RNA synthesis.
- Cellular confluency and resting state significantly impact viral replication machinery.