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Contributions to the morphology of the human coronary sinus
Insights
This study details the coronary sinus (c.s.) anatomy in 54 adult hearts, revealing variations in its shape, tributaries, and valves. Understanding these morphological features is crucial for cardiac interventions.
Area of Science:
- Anatomy
- Cardiovascular System
- Morphology
Background:
- The coronary sinus (c.s.) is a critical component of the cardiac venous system.
- Variations in c.s. morphology can impact clinical procedures and understanding its anatomy is essential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the configuration and morphological characteristics of the coronary sinus in adult human hearts.
- To document the prevalence of specific anatomical features, including valves and tributaries.
Main Methods:
- Examination of 54 adult human hearts.
- Detailed analysis of the coronary sinus configuration, diameter, length, and associated structures.
Main Results:
- The coronary sinus averaged 36 mm in length and 9 mm in diameter.
- Cylindrical configuration was most common (67%), followed by 'wafer' (19%) and funnel shapes (13%).
- The Vieussens valve was present in 78% (well-developed in 6%), ostial valves in 41% of tributaries, and the Thebesius valve was absent in 9%.
Conclusions:
- Significant morphological variability exists in the coronary sinus and its associated valves.
- The coronary sinus possesses a myocardial coat likely involved in atrial systole.
- Detailed anatomical knowledge of the coronary sinus is vital for cardiovascular research and clinical practice.
Abstract:
The configuration and morphological features of the coronary sinus (c.s.) were studied on 54 human adult hearts. The c.s. has on an average 36 mm in length and 9 mm in diameter. The most frequent is the cylindrical configuration (67%), then follows the so-called "wafer" form (19%) and the funnel shaped c.s. (13%). The valve of Vieussens was present in 78%, but well developed only in 6% of the cases. The classical opening of the middle and small cardiac veins into c.s. was remarked in 28%; for the rest the particular forms described in this work make themselves obvious. The large tributaries of c.s. are provided with ostial valves in a percentage of 41%. The form and dimensions of the Thebesius valve are very variable; it is absent in 9% of the cases. The Marshall's vein appears as an obturated cord in a proportion of 20%. In each case there was found on the surface of the c.s. a myocardial coat, consisting of two layers, which form a device having probably a constrictive function during the atrial systole.