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Developmental changes in myocardial mechanical function and subcellular organelles.

T Nakanishi, J M Jarmakani

    The American Journal of Physiology
    |April 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Myocardial mechanical function improves with age due to increased myofibrillar content and ATPase activity. Developmental changes in intracellular calcium handling by sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria also contribute to enhanced cardiac contractility.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Developmental Biology
    • Cellular Biology

    Background:

    • Cardiac mechanical function undergoes significant changes during development.
    • Understanding these changes is crucial for comprehending cardiac physiology across lifespan.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate developmental alterations in myocardial mechanical function.
    • To examine the functional changes in subcellular organelles during cardiac development.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolated, arterially perfused rabbit hearts from fetus, newborn, and adult were used.
    • Myocardial mechanical function was assessed at various extracellular calcium concentrations ([Ca2+]0).
    • Subcellular organelle function, including sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and mitochondrial calcium uptake, and ATPase activity were measured.

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    Main Results:

    • Maximal force of contraction increased significantly from fetus to newborn to adult.
    • Myofibrillar content and ATPase activity were lower in fetuses and newborns compared to adults.
    • Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) amount and Ca2+ uptake capacity increased with age.
    • Mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake was observed at lower pCa (<6) and was higher in newborns than in fetuses and adults.

    Conclusions:

    • Age-related improvements in myocardial contractility are attributed to increased intracellular calcium, myofibrillar content, and ATPase activity.
    • Developmental variations in intracellular calcium concentration are influenced by the interplay of calcium-releasing and sequestering systems.
    • Enhanced sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) function plays a key role in mature cardiac contractility.