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Studies with enterotoxigenic microorganisms: effects of candidate antidiarrhoeals in experimental animals in vivo

V Burke, M Gracey

    Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
    |September 1, 1984
    PubMed

    Insights

    This study shows that combining chlorpromazine and aspirin effectively reduces intestinal fluid secretion caused by bacterial toxins in rats. This combination may offer advantages over single-drug treatments for secretory diarrhea.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Enterotoxigenic bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila, Staphylococcus pyogenes, and Salmonella typhimurium, induce intestinal fluid secretion.
    • Secretory diarrhea poses a significant health challenge, necessitating effective therapeutic interventions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the antisecretory effects of various pharmacological agents and adsorbents against enterotoxins from common bacterial pathogens.
    • To investigate the potential synergistic effects of chlorpromazine and aspirin in mitigating toxin-induced intestinal fluid secretion.

    Main Methods:

    • Parenteral administration of drugs (chlorpromazine, aspirin, indomethacin, loperamide, nicotinamide) and adsorbents (aluminum hydroxide, cholestyramine, charcoal) to rats.
    • Assessment of effects on intestinal fluid secretion induced by cell-free preparations of enterotoxigenic bacteria.
    • Evaluation of drug combinations and premixed adsorbents.

    Main Results:

    • Chlorpromazine and aspirin, individually and in combination, significantly reduced intestinal fluid secretion.
    • Indomethacin demonstrated broad-spectrum antisecretory effects, while loperamide was effective against specific toxins.
    • Nicotinamide enhanced fluid absorption, and certain adsorbents showed efficacy against specific bacterial enterotoxins.

    Conclusions:

    • Combination therapy with chlorpromazine and aspirin shows promise for managing secretory diarrhea due to their multi-site action.
    • Different agents possess varying efficacy against different bacterial enterotoxins, suggesting tailored therapeutic approaches.
    • Further research into combined low-dose therapies may offer improved efficacy and reduced side effects.

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