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Related Experiment Videos

Structural changes after transmitter release at the frog neuromuscular junction.

J E Heuser, T S Reese

    The Journal of Cell Biology
    |March 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Synaptic vesicle exocytosis involves vesicle openings appearing within milliseconds after nerve stimulation. Discharged vesicle membranes then collapse and coalesce with the plasma membrane, a process that recycles synaptic vesicle components.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cell Biology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Synaptic vesicle exocytosis is crucial for neurotransmission.
    • Understanding the structural dynamics of exocytosis is key to neurobiology.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the sequence of structural changes during synaptic vesicle exocytosis.
    • To investigate the fate of synaptic vesicle membranes post-exocytosis.

    Main Methods:

    • Quick-freezing of muscles at precise intervals after nerve stimulation.
    • Utilizing 4-aminopyridine to enhance transmitter release.
    • Electron microscopy to observe structural changes at active zones.

    Main Results:

    • Vesicle openings appeared at active zones 3-4 ms post-stimulation, peaking at 5-6 ms.

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  • Clusters of intramembrane particles, originating from discharged vesicles, were observed.
  • Discharged vesicle membranes collapsed into the plasmalemma and dispersed over time.

    • Conclusions:

    • Synaptic vesicle membranes collapse into the plasma membrane after exocytosis.
    • Vesicle membrane coalescence with the plasma membrane is the fate of discharged vesicles.
    • Membrane retrieval and recycling occur with a slower onset following exocytosis.