Inhibition by lithium of dopamine receptors in rat prolactin release

We investigated the effect of lithium on prolactin (PRL) secretion in both urethane-anesthetized rats and right atrial catheter-bearing conscious rats. Basal plasma PRL levels were not significantly altered for 4 h after lithium administration. However, lithium treatment apparently potentiated PRL release by haloperidol in both conscious and urethane-anesthetized rats. In addition, the inhibition by apomorphine of PRL secretion was significantly antagonized by lithium in conscious rats. Lithium had no effect on the enhancement of PRL secretion by either 5-hydroxytryptophan or beta-endorphin in conscious rats. These observations indicate that lithium affects PRL secretion when dopaminergic neural activity is altered. Therefore, it is possible to postulate that the decrease of dopamine receptor sensitivity by lithium may be related to the therapeutic action of the drug on affective disorders.