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Related Experiment Videos

Slow release dietary carbohydrate improves second meal tolerance.

D J Jenkins, T M Wolever, R H Taylor

    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    |June 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Lentils significantly reduce blood glucose and insulin response compared to wholemeal bread. These slow-release carbohydrates may benefit individuals with impaired glucose tolerance.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nutritional Science
    • Human Metabolism
    • Dietary Carbohydrates

    Background:

    • Blood glucose regulation is crucial for metabolic health.
    • Dietary choices significantly impact postprandial glycemic and hormonal responses.
    • Understanding the glycemic impact of different carbohydrate sources is essential for dietary management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the glycemic, insulin, and incretin responses to lentil versus wholemeal bread breakfasts.
    • To investigate the effect of lentil consumption on subsequent glycemic response to a standard lunch.
    • To explore the role of carbohydrate release rate and absorption in glycemic control.

    Main Methods:

    • Seven healthy volunteers consumed breakfasts of lentils or wholemeal bread with identical carbohydrate content.

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  • Plasma glucose, insulin, and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) levels were measured post-breakfast.
  • A subsequent standard bread lunch was administered 4 hours later, with glycemic response monitored.
  • Breath hydrogen studies were conducted in a separate group to assess carbohydrate absorption.

    • Main Results:

    • Lentil breakfast resulted in a 71% reduction in blood glucose area compared to bread (p < 0.001).
    • Lentils significantly flattened plasma insulin and GIP responses versus bread.
    • The lentil breakfast led to a 38% flatter blood glucose response to a subsequent bread lunch (p < 0.01).
    • Slowly consumed bread mimicked the flattened glycemic response of lentils.
    • Carbohydrate malabsorption was ruled out as the cause for the flattened lentil response.

    Conclusions:

    • Lentils, as a slow-release carbohydrate source, significantly improve glycemic control compared to refined wholemeal bread.
    • The observed benefits are not attributable to carbohydrate malabsorption.
    • Slow-release carbohydrate foods like lentils may be beneficial for individuals with impaired carbohydrate tolerance.